The Spanish established two centers of authority. A type of labor commonly used in feudal systems in which the laborers work the land in return for protection but they are bound to the land and are not allowed to leave or to peruse their a new occupation. On the backs of millions of slaves, sugar eventually outpaced silver as the most profitable good at the time. The last stand against colonization was led by Metacom, also known as his colonial name King Phillip. **Example 1**. While the West African people were defending themselves from foreign attacks (external challenges), the Russians were dealing with internal challenges. Question 2. China was also set on isolating itself from foreign affairs. This same system was used on smaller . Global trade was insanely profitable and new elite classes enjoyed this wealth. The colonists defeated the Natives after 14 months of bloody rebellion. The people who used and exploited Cash crops were profitable, but required a lot of labor. . They established a. France and England were not as financially stable. Maritime trade would prove to be far more economically efficient. In North America, the Spanish had control of the southwest regions, central America, and Florida. Africans were kidnapped, often with the help of local rulers, and brought to the New World. Although the encomienda was not officially abolished until the late 18th century, in September 1721 the conferment of new encomiendas in Spain's colonies was prohibited. They also introduced new labor systems Plantation agriculture and mining operations require a lot of workers. it? While Russia remained an agricultural society, the West became very commercially active and developed a strong manufacturing base. His death effectively ended the Mughal Empire and the. Europeans were primarily motivated by money, religion, rivalry, and conquest. most commonly known as slavery. What happened to the Roman Catholic Church during the Protestant Reformation? The languages of Spanish and Portuguese became the dominant languages of the region. They increased with the rise in global demand for raw materials. What happened to the Silk Road in Ming and Qin Dynasties? katiekins93. Sold as goods. In order to resist the Portuguese. The Cossacks under Yemelyan Pugachev rebelled against, South Asia, which includes modern-day India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, has a majority population of Hindus and a strong minority of Muslims. As her assistant, you are to answer the questions that follow so the results may be included in a final report. there At this time, wealth was measured by how much gold or silver a country had on hand. The Spanish. 52 terms. A labor system set up by the Spanish government where Spanish colonists could work the native Americans on their land while compensating them and agreeing to educate some of them and teach them about Christianity. participial phrase. Sea-based empires usually had a strong navy and controlled oceanic trade. These diseases killed up to 90% of the population. Emergence of Europe as a world economic power. Native American tribes in New England were some of the first indigenous communities to be displaced by British colonists. Individual serfs and serf families were regularly sold, with and without land, in the early nineteenth century. Once contact with the Americas was open, the Spanish, French, English, and Dutch increasingly invested in the explorations. system? The development of khanates in Central Asia. A slave who ran away from his or her master. American Food Services, Inc., leased a packaging machine from Barton and Barton Corporation. Terms in this set (81) . the ownership of human beings as property, AP World History Unit 4 Labor Systems 1450-17, AP World History Unit 5 (5.1 & 5.2) : Revolut, AverageHiringCost,PerHire,ByCategory, Information Technology Project Management: Providing Measurable Organizational Value, Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, anatomy and physiology chapter 4 module 2, QQ Ischemic Heart Disease and Endocarditis. They were essentially peasants to the Spanish. Prompt 5: Evaluate the extent to which labor systems changed in the 1450 to 1750 time period. Rise of a global trade network. Lessons. In the Americas, Indigenous groups rebelled against European conquest. Some images used in this set are licensed under the Creative Commons through Flickr.com.Click to see the original works with their full license. The most dramatic social changes happened in the Americas because of the influx of Europeans, decimation of Indigenous, and explosion of the African slave trade. Pre-1750 European conquerors and empire builders: The Portuguese. began, It remained in use until 1917 after first It fell due to inflation, cost of Janissaries, and too much tax. The Human Resource Department provided the data summarized in the following table showing the costs associated with various parts of the hiring process for certain types of employees. The Atlantic System c. The Middle Passage d. The Sea Road AP WORLD HISTORY ULTIMATE REVIEW PACKET UNIT 4 (1450-1750) Asians Continued to be the dominant economic force in the Indian Ocean region. community-driven projects like extensive Asian merchants continued to trade most goods across Asian maritime networks. inventory. #traderace. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Coercion, Plantation zone, Plantation Complex and more. Syncretisms happen everywhere, but in the Americas there are quite a few examples. The Commercial Revolution was the expansion of trade and commerce across Europe. At the bottom was the largest class of peasants, many of whom sank into debt and were forced into serfdom. . Led the conquest of Siberia in 16th & 17th centuries. A contract 2 individuals sign in which one Between 1680-1707, the Maratha rebellion continued until they killed the Mughal leader Aurangzeb. Other Quizlet sets. The Portuguese set up the first plantation in the Americas in Brazil. the act of freeing slaves, done at the will of the owner. Different treatment for different children also must be taken into account when considering how a person's gender helps to determine personality. Labor systems. Qing emperor (r. 1662-1722). utilized this labor Therefore, I prefer to purchase any international equity securities in my "speculative" account, my best chance at becoming rich. Explain changes and continuities in systems of slavery in the period 1450-1750. In order to prevent white and black oppressed groups from conspiring, the Virginia government wielded racist policies to drive a wedge. associat Some African rulers were complicit in the slave trade. After their conquest of the Americas, Europeans established new economic systems across the region. ed with However, it was a process of trial and error, since labor systems saw manyshow more content. European women had more freedom while Muslim women were held housebound, but could participate in business and court. a form of government where the monarch has the power to rule their land freely, with no laws or legally-organized direct opposition in force. 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Her boss recently asked her to put password protection on all office computers. general Latisha Tally is the company's computer specialist and oversees its computerized payroll system. Not until the late 18th century Europe began to take a dominant role in Asian trade. Freedom was nearly unattainable. The spread of Islam into East Asia. In New Mexico, the encomienda system granted elite Spanish settlers far greater rights in the labor of Pueblo villagers, but the Pueblos retained crucial legal rights. In West Africa, European merchants and missionaries reached inland to the Kongo and Benin. type of labor 1. prepositional phrase Adam Smith . Name:__________________________________________ Date:__________ Period:_______. Explain the continuities and changes in economic systems and labor systems from 1450-1750. Commercial capitalism, the trading system of the early modern economy. 1450-1750Early Modern Period. While indentured servants living conditions were rough, they had some legal protections that prevented them from the worst exploitation and violence in other American forced and slave labor systems. There were slaves, the mit'a, and encomienda. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like THESIS for Explain changes and continuities in systems of slavery in the period from 1450 to 1750., first evidence for Explain changes and continuities in systems of slavery in the period from 1450 to 1750., second evidence for Explain changes and continuities in systems of slavery in the period from 1450 to 1750. and more. Europeans introduced new systems of forced labor and slavery into the Americas to meet their labor needs and produce as cheaply as possible. coercive labor systems in unit 4 - (1450-1750) started during this period, partly because of the clear cut racial differences between africans and the europeans who bought them, slaves came to be viewed as a transferable product (chattel). European conquest resulted in new economic systems and production methods in the Americas that produced products for commercial exchange through regional and international trade. New technology More exploration Columbian Exchange, New foodstuffs increased the population everywhere, Except for the Americas where disease decimated everyone , Migration of people Spread of religion, new syncretic cultures, Integration of the west trade was actually global new Maritime (sea-based) powers, Mercantilism & capitalism became predominant economic policies, The new global economy had long-lasting effects, European middle class gained wealth Industrialization possible, Prosperity funding for arts and architecture, Slave trade intensified as demand for labor increased, Other coerced systems created (encomienda, mita), Social class based on race & ethnicity, first time ever, Transport paid in exchange for 7 years of unpaid labor, Development of European colonies overseas, Opening of new trade routes over the Atlantic and Pacific, Population growth, which increased demand for goods, Vodun - West African spiritualism brought to caribbean, Candomble - dance to honor the gods, Bantu + Brazil, Virgin of Guadalupe - Indigenous + Catholic, Queen Nzingas rebellion in modern-day Angola, Pueblo & Apache Revolt in present-day New Mexico, Gloucester County Slave Rebellion (Virginia), Glorious Revolution (Catholic vs. Protestant in England). If they could fast a quicker route to Asia, profits would balloon and religious ideologies would spread. The Tang Dynasty is known for its cosmopolitan culture, which was influenced by trade . Example: [1]For more than fifty years, Thurgood Marshall worked Continuity/Change Over Time During the 1450's to 1750's the Americas were evolving at a constant rate. Bound to the lord on a hereditary basis, the peasant serf was little more than a slave. Many farmers were in a consistent state of debt to the hacienda owner. The Portuguese led the way to Sub-Saharan Africa and present-day China, India, Indonesia, but their first to market advantage didnt last long. Chapman Company acquires 100% of Abernethy Companys stock on January 1, 2020. Prepare the appropriate journal entries on December 31, 2016. In Qing dynasty China, the Canton system had similar goals and limited most European merchant activity to the Southern Chinese port of Canton. c. International investments are inherently more risky. African peoples were Click the card to flip . Profitable production demanded significant labor resources. If I do increase my international equity exposure, I would prefer that the entire exposure consist of securities from Country XYZ. The decimation of lands and peoples made it difficult to preserve this history. Definition. Underline the word in parentheses that correctly completes the meaning of each sentence below. I do not want them in my retirement account, which has to protect me from poverty in my old age. 1450-1750. Learn. Finally, a new elite class emerged called the. Labor systems are the types of labor and work done by workers. 30 seconds. Learn. As a result, Europeans turned to the African slave tradethe first enslaved Africans arrived in the Americas in the 16th century. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Henry the Navigator, caravel, Bartholomew Dias and more. Christianity also spread throughout Africa. Growing dissent among oppressed and poor populations pushed European states to invest in exploration and trade. Slavery. the Americas largely depended on agriculture and utilized existing labor systems, including the Incan mit'a. New syncretic religions emerged that blended native and colonial traditions. Mita was like paying your taxes with work instead of money. After Spanish: When the spanish 3. In this labor system, the Natives were tied to the land and were not free to leave. Historical Development 1 Despite some disruption and restructuring due to the arrival of Portuguese, Spanish, and Dutch merchants, existing trade networks in the Indian Ocean continued to flourish and included intra-Asian trade and Asian merchants. nothing large enough for. How did Maritime (sea-based) Empires exert and expand their power? the increase in input prices. Recommend what the business should do to ensure adherence to principles of internal control. rebellions Throughout East Asia, the development of Neo-Confucianism solidified a cultural identity. peoples. Within just a few decades, European exploration for new trade routes to Asia turned into conquest and empire-building. The demand for exploration led to new technological innovations. role/pur. Safavid Empire was falling apart and the Ottoman Empire declined due to economic factors. How did the Atlantic Slave Trade impact the economy? Popes Rebellion and The Pueblo revolt Explain how rulers employed economic strategies to consolidate and maintain power from 1450-1750. The population was increasing and this led to more demand for resources. Production later expanded to include crops like. What is the Protestant Reformation? The middle class grew. Unit 2: Networks of Exchange . 3. They would kidnap slaves and trade them to Europeans in exchange for wealth and guns, which made local rivalries far more violent. Learn faster with . Create three research questions that would be appropriate for a historical analysis essay, keeping in mind the characteristics of a critical r, Conversation Concept Lab Transcript Shadow Health. Below the royals was a second class of the nobility, a small wealthy group that owned most of the land. It was not officially abolished until the late The theory developed in early modern England and spread elsewhere that royal power should be subject to legal and legislative checks. Unit: 1450 - 1750 Renaissance and Reformation. Chinese merchants had a near monopoly over the shipping of spices between the Southeast Asian spice islands and China. Q. Size. Created by. As the slave trade expanded, some African Kings participated and shared profits. In 1494, they signed the, The Spanish conquistadors brought down the thriving Aztec and Inca empires within a few decades. 4. AverageHiringCost,PerHire,ByCategory. By this contract, a four-year-old girl became a servant in Quebec in 1703. The labor systems established during 1450-1750 were key factors in how they were able to do so. The last country to officially abolish slavery was Mauritania in 1981.Nevertheless, there are an estimated 40.3 million people worldwide subject to . The work included various tasks like growing food for those who lived in cities, building food storage, or repairing infrastructure. Their population numbers also rapidly decreased with the spread of diseases introduced into the Americas by Europeans. Before 1492, the Americas were isolated from Africa, Europe, and Asia. Mining operations:Europeans also sought mineral wealth in the Americas. They gave lower class white workers. As serfs, they were completely tied to the land and sold when the land sold. This debt prevented them from ever leaving and reduced the indebted farmers to positions not much different from enslaved peoples. North of the Spanish territory, the French and British were fueling their rivalry as they competed for land and control of resources. Encomienda: Spanish monarchs gave control over large territories (encomienda) to people they felt had served Spain and the monarchyusually successful conquistadors. 1450-1750 indentured servants were often of European descent (migration from Europe to the New World) however they were replaced . Largely a kingdom of city-states that worked for mutual benefit, the Maya were able to build large temples, cities, and trade networks. As colonists expanded plantations, many regions suffered from deforestation, soil depletion, and a strain on water sources. By the 1670s, the colonists and Natives had largely co-existed. However in 1675, Metacom mounted one last effort to drive the British off the Native land. Although mixed children existed, primarily because of forced assaults, the societal norm was segregation and policies supported this tradition. Because of internal conflict and lack of food, the Maya empire . During the time period between 1450 and 1750 C.E., the two hemispheres were linked and for the first time in world history, long-distance trade became truly worldwide. . Required: 1. or when did it In theory, the heads of encomienda did not own native lands. The Dutch. Attempts at reform. Changes in Trade. (T/F). an Italian Jesuit priest, and one of the founding figures of the Jesuit China Mission, as it existed in the 17th-18th centuries. The Atlantic Slave Trade sold slaves but when in Africa, Europeans struck and traded tons of gold. In the British North American colonies, Europeans, Natives, and African slaves remained separate classes that rarely mixed. Disease wiped out most of the population and many that were left were able to escape because of superior knowledge of the land. rights just as a free citizen would have such This is the period in Africa where European contact starts. Their first significant cash crop was sugar cane, which they learned to grow from contact with Muslims in the Mediterranean region during the Crusades. Monopoly control allowed him to control the prices Europeans had to pay. Europeans initially attempted to exploit indigenous peoples labor. Labor systems. Absolute legal ownership of another person, including the right to buy or sell that person; the form of slavery utilized in the Americas during the trans-Atlantic slave trade. His defeat of the Inca epitomizes the advantages which the Europeans had over the Amerindians, The last Incan Emperor before the Spanish conquered the Inca, reform movement led by Martin Luther, John Calvin, and others that divided Christianity, German priest and professor who started the Protestant Reformation through his 95 Theses, List of criticisms with the Catholic Church that started the Protestant Reformation, Created a branch of Christianity that centered around the idea of predestination, period of Catholic revival beginning with the Council of Trent in response to the Protestant Reformation, group of people that participated in the Catholic Reformation that brought some people back to the Catholic Church, granted tolerance to the Protestants in France in 1598, war between Protestants and Catholics in Germany (broke out in 1618), Civil War in England that resulted in the King of England losing much of his power, new vision of science (developed during 17th and 18th centuries); relied on reason, Polish astronomer who developed a heliocentric theory of the Solar System, Italian astronomer who improved the telescope and supported Copenicus' views on the Solar System, described basic principles of motion and gravity, doctrine that a monarch derives his or her power directly from God, The king of France from 1643-1715. New labor systems Topic 4.5 There were more military successes. the His voyages across the Atlantic Ocean led to general European awareness of the American continents, agreement which divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between Spain and Portugal, Spanish conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire, Aztech emperor who ruled during the beginning of the Spanish invasion, Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incan Empire. Based on past poor performance, I want to sell all my remaining international equity securities once their market prices rise to equal their original cost. Cash crop agriculture and ranching were common on haciendas, but other activities like mining also took place. Find the average cost of hiring an exempt, regular employee. Encomienda. began due to this system. Technological improvements in shipbuilding and gunpowder weapons allowed European empires to form and exercise a more . Changes in Technology. revolts Heres a few examples of how states were challenged between 1450-1750: After the British and Dutch pushed the Portuguese out of India, they turned their attention to expanding their role in the African slave trade. What were the motivations and consequences of exploration? Economic systems were disrupted as trade intensified. What were some reasons why Europe changed socially, and intellectually? Browse the PBS collection Africans in America: Part 1 to see information and primary sources for the period 1450 through 1750. . Were there The worldwide transformation into a trade-based economy using gold and silver is known as the, -As a result of increased trade and mining, prices also increased across the board. Trading company chartered by the Dutch government to conduct its merchants' trade in Asia. Frost's adviser is familiar with behavioral finance concepts but prefers a traditional or standard finance approach (modern portfolio theory) to investments. Power and profit were the primary motives as Europeans conquered the Americas and built trading empires across Africa and Asia. The Encomienda system was prohibited. Term. commander of the first ships to sail directly from Europe to India. . Finally, Europeans built massive military strength because of trade profits and access to new weapons. Despite some disruption and restructuring due to the arrival of Portuguese, Spanish, and Dutch merchants, existing trade networks in the Indian Ocean continued to flourish and included intra-Asian trade and Asian merchants. In the Inca Empire, the government required citizens to provide labor to the state each year (mita). reduce the abuses of forced labor. The check software/printer, which is not password protected, is on the owner's desk in an office that contains company checks and is normally unlocked. Native Americans did not have biological immunity to the common diseases brought by Europeans like smallpox and typhoid. A grant of land made by Spain to a settler as an indentured servant in the Americas and Philippines, including the right to use Native Americans as . as the right to own property, or a business, This system was developed to allow serfs After Zheng Hes explorations, the Ming dynasty retreated into isolationist policies. A worker bound by a voluntary agreement to work for a specified period of years often in return for free passage to an overseas destination. Spain, Portugal, and the creation of a global economy (Opens a modal) Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment. The band members sold raffle tickets after school. The barter economy (exchanging goods or services for other goods or services) changed to a money economy (goods and services paid for with currency). The economic system of large financial institutions-banks, stock exchanges, investment companies-that first developed in early modern Europe. Write the noun clauses in the following sentence. The Printing Press. However, there was a business opportunity in the search for resources. association formed by investors or shareholders for the purpose of trade, exploration and colonization. Between 1450 and 1750, the Americas began to mark their place in the world, proving they were just as relevant as Europe, Africa, or Asia. How did the Columbian Exchange impact the Americas? The Spanish, Portuguese, French, English, and Dutch had to find another route in order to remain competitive, so they invested in exploration. Cultural and Intellectual Developments. Encomienda System - American Feudalism. Following Union victory in May 1685, along with What did Spain and Portugal still have control of? No other European merchants could enter Japanthose that tried were executed. It is considered one of the greatest periods of peace and prosperity in Chinese history, and it is remembered for its cultural achievements and its strong and centralized government. Became emblematic of the loyalty, sacrifice, persistence, and honor that all good people should preserve in Japan, powerful daimyo of Edo (modern-day Tokyo), named himself shogun in 1603, initiating the most powerful and long-lasting of all Japanese shogunates. Although the population of Africa ultimately increased because of increased food resources, in some regions the population declined as slaves were kidnapped. Europeans had far less impact on the economic systems in Asia. Ottoman society was complex. The Tokugawa Shogunate in Japan only allowed the Dutch to trade in Japan through one port. Definition. Serfdom was still the basic social institution. Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word.
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